SPEECH SOUND AND ARTICULATION DISORDERS with COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+

Describe Oller's Phonation Stage - <>1. Reflexive vocalizations (burping, coughing,
crying)
2. Automatic responses that mirror the physical status of the baby
3. Quasi vowels: vowels that are not fully formed and do not have the same speech quality as adult
productions
3. Produced when unattended/alone and purpose is unknown
Describe Oller's Primitive Articulation Stage - <>1. Squeals and Growls
2. Photophones (coo-ing & goo-ing) : early vocalizations that are related to more precise productions
that are developed later that are interrupted by tongue contact in the back of the oral cavity .
-tongue contact in the back of the oral cavity and not the front is due to infants spending a majority
of their time on their backs
3. Typically CV or VC that usually back vowels and back consonants
4. Production of primitive syllable sequences when alone and in the presence of adults
Describe Oller's Exploration/Expansion Stage - <>1. Vocal play and exploration: change
their pitch, amplitude, duration, and quality (vocal raspberries: bilabial and linguolabial trills)
2. Better control over their speech mechanisms and can create fuller vowels with better resonance
3. Marginal babbling begins around 6 months of age where single syllables sound more like true
consonants and vowels but still do not possess typical timing, resonance, or loudness like adult
sounds. This is continued precursory for sound development
Describe Ollers Canonical Babbling Stage - <>1. CV syllable shape continue and further
resemble true sounds
2. Reduplicated Babbling: repetition of single syllable
3. Phonetic Repertoire now includes a variety of sounds like stops, nasals, glides, lax vowels, etc.
*babbling continues through this stage and will typically overlap with the infants first true words*
Describe Ollers Variegated Babbling Stage - <>1. contains the same consonant-vowel
syllable shape but the sound changes between syllables (ex: madaba)
2. Intonation takes on a more adult like quality
How are consonants classified ? - <>Voice, Place, and Manner
Place of Articulation describes what ? - <>Place of articulation describes the location of
the constriction in the vocal tract.
Name & briefly describe the different "Places" of consonants - <>Bilabial: produced with
the two lips (/b/)
Labiodental: produced by contact of the lips and teeth (/f/)
Dental: produced by contact of the tip of the tongue with the upper teeth ("th")
Alveolar: produced by contact of the tongue and alveolar ridge (/t/)
Palatal: produced by contact of the tongue and hard palate ("shhh")
Velar: produced by contact of the back of the tongue and the velum (/k/)
Glottal: produced by keeping the vocal folds open and letting air pass through (/h/)
Manner of articulation described what? - <>Manner of articulation describes the degre